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International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences Research Article

Therapeutic approaches and challenges in COVID-19 management: A pragmatic review

Sibi S, Pugazh Gowrishankar, Diwakaran, Vijai Krishna V and Sujitha K

Year : 2025 | Pages: 145-149

doi: https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2025.v10.i06.SP034

Received on: 18/09/2025

Revised on: 20/10/2025

Accepted on: 27/10/2025

Published on: 15/11/2025

  • Sibi S, Pugazh Gowrishankar, Diwakaran, Vijai Krishna V and Sujitha K ( 2025).

    Therapeutic approaches and challenges in COVID-19 management: A pragmatic review

    . International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences, 10( 6), 145-149.

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Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges to global healthcare systems, necessitating rapid development and implementation of effective therapeutic strategies. This pragmatic review evaluates current approaches to COVID-19 management, highlights associated challenges, and provides evidence-based recommendations. Therapeutic interventions, including antiviral agents, corticosteroids, monoclonal antibodies, immunomodulators, and supportive care, have demonstrated varying efficacy depending on disease severity and patient comorbidities. Major challenges include drug availability, evolving viral variants, adverse effects, and disparities in healthcare access. Additionally, uncertainties surrounding optimal timing, dosage, and combination therapies complicate clinical decision-making. By synthesizing the latest evidence from clinical trials, guidelines, and real-world studies, this review identifies key gaps in knowledge and emphasizes the importance of individualized patient care. Recommendations focus on early diagnosis, stratified therapeutic approaches, monitoring for complications, and integration of novel therapies as data emerge. This review aims to guide clinicians, policymakers, and researchers in optimizing COVID-19 management and preparing for future infectious disease threats.

Keywords

COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Pragmatic approach, Systemic immunotherapy, Remdesivir, Dexamethasone.

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    © The Author(s) 2025. This article is published by International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (creativecommons.org), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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