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International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences Research Article

Structural and physicochemical insights into metal and metal oxide nanoparticles

Kumaresan Anbu, Kiran Kumar S, Anitha, W, Vickneswari M and Sujitha K

Year : 2025 | Pages: 1-6

doi: https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2025.v10.i06.SP001

Received on: 07/09/2025

Revised on: 12/10/2025

Accepted on: 25/10/2025

Published on: 10/11/2025

  • Kumaresan Anbu, Kiran Kumar S, Anitha, W, Vickneswari M and Sujitha K( 2025).

    Structural and physicochemical insights into metal and metal oxide nanoparticles

    . International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences, 10( 6), 1-6.

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Abstract

Nanoparticles of metals and metal oxides have attracted extensive scientific and technological attention due to their distinctive structural, electronic, and physicochemical properties that differ markedly from their bulk counterparts. The present study provides comprehensive insights into the synthesis, structure, and physicochemical characteristics of metallic (Ag, Au, Cu) and metal oxide (ZnO, TiO?, Fe?O?) nanoparticles. Various parameters such as particle size, morphology, surface charge, crystallinity, and band-gap energy—were analyzed using standard characterization techniques including UV–Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The physicochemical behavior of the nanoparticles was correlated with their synthesis conditions and surface modification processes. Results indicate that particle size, shape anisotropy, and surface functionalization strongly influence stability, reactivity, and optical behavior. Metal nanoparticles displayed localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effects, while metal oxides exhibited size-dependent band-gap variations and enhanced catalytic and antibacterial activities. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of structure–property relationships in nanomaterials, offering guidance for tailoring nanoparticle properties for applications in catalysis, biomedicine, environmental remediation, and energy devices.

Keywords

Metal nanoparticles, Metal oxide nanoparticles, Physicochemical properties, Structural analysis, Surface.

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    © The Author(s) 2025. This article is published by International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (creativecommons.org), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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