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International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences Review Article
Oil spills and their impact on coastal and marine bird populations: A review of avian mortality
Sujitha K, Swathi T, Sowmiya B, Ruby G and Subha C
Year : 2025 | Pages: 91-95
Received on: 16/09/2025
Revised on: 19/10/2025
Accepted on: 24/10/2025
Published on: 12/11/2025
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Sujitha K, Swathi T, Sowmiya B, Ruby G and Subha C( 2025).
Oil spills and their impact on coastal and marine bird populations: A review of avian mortality
. International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences, 10( 6), 91-95.
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Abstract
Oil spills represent one of the most destructive forms of pollution affecting marine and coastal ecosystems, with birds being among the most vulnerable species. This review explores the multifaceted effects of oil contamination on avian populations, particularly seabirds and migratory species. The study highlights how oil exposure compromises feather insulation, disrupts buoyancy, and leads to toxic ingestion during preening. Long-term impacts such as reproductive failure, habitat degradation, and food chain contamination are also addressed. Case studies, including the Exxon Valdez and Deepwater Horizon spills, provide insight into population-level consequences. The paper emphasizes the importance of monitoring, preventive policies, and rehabilitation efforts in reducing bird mortality and promoting ecosystem recovery.
Keywords
Oil spills, Avian mortality, Seabirds, Coastal birds, Marine pollution, Ecological impact.
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© The Author(s) 2025. This article is published by International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (creativecommons.org), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
