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International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences Research Article
Gnetum gnemon leaf extract as a potential therapeutic agent for nephrotoxicity against dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA)-induced mice
Munmi Gogoi, Akalesh Kumar Verma, Namram Sushindrajit Singh
Year : 2025 | Volume: 10 | Issue: 6 | Pages: 52-64
Received on: 26/08/2025
Revised on: 05/09/2025
Accepted on: 20/10/2025
Published on: 01/11/2025
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Munmi Gogoi, Akalesh Kumar Verma, Namram Sushindrajit Singh( 2025).
Gnetum gnemon leaf extract as a potential therapeutic agent for nephrotoxicity against dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA)-induced mice
. International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences, 10( 6), 52-64.
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Abstract
Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon) is traditionally known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. However, its role in preventing cancer-related kidney damage is underexplored. This study examined the protective effects of Gnetum gnemon methanolic leaf extract (GGME) on DLA-induced (Dalton's lymphoma ascites) nephrotoxicity in Swiss albino mice. Two experiments were conducted using male albino mice (n = 5/group). In the acute study, Group I received PBS (control) and Group II received GGME (2000 mg/kg) for 14 days. In the chronic study, Group I was control, Group II -DLA-induced, Group III- DLA + cisplatin (2 mg/kg), Group IV- DLA + GGME (200 mg/kg), and Group V -DLA + GGME (400 mg/kg). DLA was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 1 × 10? live DLA cells per mice, and the experiment continued for 21 days. Kidney function biomarkers (BUN, creatinine, uric acid), key electrolytes (Na?, K?, Ca²?), oxidative stress markers, and tissue histo-morphometry were evaluated. GGME showed no signs of toxicity at doses up to 2000 mg/kg. Mice in the group II (DLA-induced) exhibited significant nephrotoxicity, characterized by elevated BUN, creatinine, uric acid, altered electrolyte levels, increased oxidative stress, and notable renal tissue degeneration. GGME treatment, especially at 400?mg/kg, improved biochemical markers, restored antioxidant enzymes, and reduced MDA levels. Histology showed preserved kidney structure and reduced glomerular damage, with improvements in glomerular number, size, and capsular space. GGME exhibited dose-dependent nephroprotection in DLA-induced nephrotoxicity, likely via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, suggesting its potential as a complementary therapy for cancer-related kidney damage.
Keywords
Dalton’ s lymphoma, Gnetum gnemon, Kidney, Nephrotoxicity, Creatinine.
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© The Author(s) 2025. This article is published by International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (creativecommons.org), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
