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International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences Review Article
Biofuel production from microalgae and macroalgae: A concise review
Pradeepa A K, Kiran Kumar S, Sowmiya B, Ruby G and Subha C
Year : 2025 | Pages: 131-134
Received on: 18/09/2025
Revised on: 20/10/2025
Accepted on: 27/10/2025
Published on: 15/11/2025
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Pradeepa A K, Kiran Kumar S, Sowmiya B, Ruby G and Subha C( 2025).
Biofuel production from microalgae and macroalgae: A concise review
. International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences, 10( 6), 131-134.
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Abstract
The increasing global demand for renewable energy has positioned algae-based biofuels as a promising alternative to fossil fuels. Microalgae and macroalgae offer unique advantages due to their rapid growth rates, high lipid and carbohydrate content, and ability to thrive in diverse aquatic environments without competing with food crops for arable land. This concise review highlights recent advances in biofuel production from both microalgae and macroalgae, focusing on cultivation techniques, harvesting strategies, and conversion pathways such as transesterification, anaerobic digestion, and thermochemical processes. The environmental benefits of algal biofuels, including carbon sequestration and wastewater remediation, are discussed alongside economic challenges related to large-scale commercialization. Comparative insights between microalgae and macroalgae are provided to illustrate their respective strengths and limitations in biofuel applications. The review concludes that while significant progress has been made in optimizing algal biofuel systems, further innovations in cost reduction, integrated biorefinery approaches, and policy support are essential to realize their full potential as sustainable energy sources.
Keywords
Microalgae, Macroalgae, Algal biofuels, Renewable energy, Biodiesel, Bioethanol, Biorefinery.
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© The Author(s) 2025. This article is published by International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (creativecommons.org), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
