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International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences Research Article

Antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of Psidium guajava leaf ethanolic extract in diabetic rats

Monish Raj R, Pugazh Gowrishankar, Ezhil T, Swathi T and Palthangam Ganesan

Year : 2025 | Pages: 22-25

doi: https://doi.org/10.55126/ijzab.2025.v10.i06.SP005

Received on: 08/09/2025

Revised on: 17/10/2025

Accepted on: 25/10/2025

Published on: 10/11/2025

  • Monish Raj R, Pugazh Gowrishankar, Ezhil T, Swathi T and Palthangam Ganesan( 2025).

    Antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of Psidium guajava leaf ethanolic extract in diabetic rats

    . International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences, 10( 6), 22-25.

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Abstract

The present study investigates the antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, and antioxidant effects of ethanolic leaf extract of Psidium guajava (Linn.) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (55 mg/kg body weight), and rats exhibiting fasting blood glucose levels above 250 mg/dL were considered diabetic. The extract was administered orally at doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg for 21 days, and its effects were compared with the standard drug glibenclamide (5 mg/kg). Biochemical parameters such as fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL, malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were evaluated. The extract exhibited a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in blood glucose and lipid levels, along with a marked improvement in antioxidant enzyme activity. Histopathological analysis of pancreatic tissues confirmed partial regeneration of β-cells in extract-treated groups.These findings suggest that Psidium guajava ethanolic leaf extract possesses potent antidiabetic and antioxidant properties, potentially attributed to its flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic compounds. The study supports the traditional use of P. guajava in the management of diabetes and oxidative stress–related complications.

Keywords

Psidium guajava, Antidiabetic activity, Antioxidant, Streptozotocin, Hypolipidemic.

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    © The Author(s) 2025. This article is published by International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (creativecommons.org), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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