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International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences Research Article
Advances in stem cell therapy: Mechanisms, types, and clinical applications
Rajeswari M, Sindhu D, Swathi T, Tehseen Javed and Linisha NM
Year : 2025 | Pages: 531-534
Received on: 27/09/2025
Revised on: 22/10/2025
Accepted on: 25/11/2025
Published on: 01/12/2025
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Rajeswari M, Sindhu D, Swathi T, Tehseen Javed and Linisha NM( 2025).
Advances in stem cell therapy: Mechanisms, types, and clinical applications
. International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences, 10( 6), 531-534.
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Abstract
Stem cells are the foundational units of all multicellular organisms, possessing the unique ability to self-renew and differentiate into various specialized cell types. While early embryonic stem cells exhibit totipotency, adult stem cells display multipotency and lineage-specific plasticity, which can be harnessed for therapeutic purposes. Recent discoveries of molecular regulators of pluripotency, such as Oct-4 and Nanog, and genetic modulators including Bmi-1, Notch, Sonic Hedgehog, and Wnt pathways, have opened avenues for in vitro manipulation and clinical application of stem cells. Current research focuses on exploiting stem cells for tissue regeneration, neuronal repair, bone healing, muscle regeneration, spinal cord injury treatment, cancer therapy, and drug testing. This review highlights the types of stem cells, regulatory mechanisms, and ongoing therapeutic strategies while addressing future prospects and challenges in stem cell-based medicine.
Keywords
Stem cells, Totipotency, Multipotency, Adult stem cells, Embryonic stem cells, Cell differentiation.
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© The Author(s) 2025. This article is published by International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (creativecommons.org), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
