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International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences Review Article
Advancements in implantable cardioverter defibrillators: Mechanisms, detection, and clinical applications
Aiswarya R, Ezhil T, Lavanya R, Karthick K, Jenifer E
Year : 2025 | Pages: 644-648
Received on: 15/12/2025
Revised on: 17/12/2025
Accepted on: 30/11/-0001
Published on: 17/12/2025
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Aiswarya R, Ezhil T, Lavanya R, Karthick K, Jenifer E( 2025). Advancements in implantable cardioverter defibrillators: Mechanisms, detection, and clinical applications. International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences, 10( 6), 644-648.
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Abstract
Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) have transformed the management of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, evolving from a last-resort intervention to a standard therapy for high-risk patients. These devices continuously monitor cardiac rhythms and deliver therapeutic shocks or pacing when needed, reducing sudden cardiac death. ICDs are indicated for patients who have survived malignant arrhythmias and for asymptomatic individuals with structural heart disease at elevated risk. Modern devices offer dual-chamber pacing, atrial arrhythmia management, and biventricular pacing for heart failure. Despite their benefits, ICDs can interact with certain medications and be affected by electromagnetic interference. Continuous technological advancements have improved their efficacy, safety, and patient quality of life.Keywords
Dual-Chamber Pacing, Biventricular Pacing, Electromagnetic Interference, Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia.
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© The Author(s) 2025. This article is published by International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (creativecommons.org), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
