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International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences Research Article
Acute and subacute oral toxicity studies of Manjal Noi Kudineer: A preclinical investigation supporting safe siddha practice
Senthil Kumar P, Elansekaran S and Bharath Kumar G
Year : 2025 | Volume: 10 | Issue: 6 | Pages: 306-312
Received on: 19/09/2025
Revised on: 26/10/2025
Accepted on: 11/11/2025
Published on: 01/12/2025
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Senthil Kumar P, Elansekaran S and Bharath Kumar G ( 2025).
Acute and subacute oral toxicity studies of Manjal Noi Kudineer: A preclinical investigation supporting safe siddha practice
. International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences, 10( 6), 306-312.
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Abstract
Manjal Noi Kudineer is a classical Siddha polyherbal formulation traditionally used for liver ailments, inflammatory conditions, and detoxification. Despite its long history of therapeutic use, scientific evidence on its safety profile remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the acute and repeated 28-day oral toxicity of MNK in Wistar rats following OECD guidelines to establish preliminary safety data. Acute toxicity was assessed using OECD 423 at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg, while subacute toxicity followed OECD 407 with daily oral administration of three dose levels for 28 days. Animals were monitored for clinical signs, body weight, hematological and biochemical markers, organ weights, and histopathology. MNK produced no mortality, no clinical toxicity, and normal body weight gain across all groups. Hematological parameters, liver and kidney function markers (AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin, urea, creatinine), lipid profile, and electrolytes remained within physiological limits. Organ weights showed no dose-dependent deviations, and histopathology of major organs confirmed absence of structural damage. MNK demonstrated a favorable safety profile, supporting its traditional use and warranting further pharmacological and clinical investigation.
Keywords
Manjal Noi Kudineer, Acute toxicity, Subacute toxicity, Siddha medicine, Herbal safety evaluation.
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© The Author(s) 2025. This article is published by International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (creativecommons.org), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
