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International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences Research Article
Investigation of antiulcer activity of polyherbal formulation using ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in wistar rats
N. Shilpika, Bhushan Muley, Rekha Shivaram, Amudhavalli Victor, Mohd Wasiullah, D. Bharathi, Anshu Tiwari, Kavita Avinash Mishra
Year : 2026 | Volume: 11 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 232-245
Received on: 04/01/2026
Revised on: 18/01/2026
Accepted on: 19/02/2026
Published on: 01/03/2026
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N. Shilpika, Bhushan Muley, Rekha Shivaram, Amudhavalli Victor, Mohd Wasiullah, D. Bharathi, Anshu Tiwari, Kavita Avinash Mishra( 2026).
Investigation of antiulcer activity of polyherbal formulation using ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in wistar rats
. International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences, 11( 2), 232-245.
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Abstract
The present study investigates the antiulcer potential of a standardized polyherbal formulation composed of Glycyrrhiza glabra, Zingiber officinale, Ocimum sanctum, Emblica officinalis, and Curcuma longa against ethanol-induced gastric ulceration in Wistar rats. Ulcers were induced by oral administration of ethanol (90% v/v, 1 mL/200 g), and the animals were pretreated with the formulation at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg for seven days. The study assessed ulcer index, gastric pH, total acidity, mucus content, antioxidant enzyme levels (SOD, CAT, GSH), and histopathological changes. The polyherbal formulation significantly (p < 0.001) reduced ulcer index and total acidity while increasing gastric pH and mucus secretion in a dose-dependent manner. Restoration of antioxidant enzymes and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels confirmed attenuation of oxidative stress. Histopathological findings revealed preservation of mucosal integrity and reduced necrosis and hemorrhage in treated groups. Phytochemical analysis indicated a high content of flavonoids, phenolics, and tannins responsible for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective activities. The results suggest that the formulation offers potent gastroprotection through a synergistic mechanism involving free radical scavenging, inhibition of acid secretion, and promotion of mucosal healing. The study establishes scientific evidence supporting the traditional use of these medicinal plants in ulcer therapy and highlights the potential of polyherbal formulations as safe and effective alternatives to synthetic antiulcer agents. However, further studies involving chronic ulcer models, detailed molecular pathway elucidation, pharmacokinetic analysis, and clinical validation are essential to confirm therapeutic applicability. In conclusion, the polyherbal formulation represents a promising natural therapeutic candidate for the prevention and management of gastric ulcers.
Keywords
Polyherbal formulation, Ethanol-induced ulcer, Antioxidant enzymes, Gastric protection, Wistar rats.
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© The Author(s) 2025. This article is published by International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (creativecommons.org), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
